Tag archieven: Wars of the Roses

februari 24, 2015 · 2:43 am

The Wars of the Roses/A Nevill Feast/Comments on Summarising/The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF

THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,

WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY

TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF

THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,

WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY

TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL FICTION

KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE

OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE

UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”,

WHO DEPOSED

HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England

HISTORICAL IMAGE

THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER

[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO

DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE

WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]

The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princes_in_the_Tower

EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO

SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_V_of_England

RICHARD,3RD DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF

EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III

AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”

AND ELIZABETH OF YORK

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York

CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III

AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”

AND ELIZABETH OF YORK

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecily_Neville,_Duchess_of_York

HISTORICAL IMAGE

FICTION

Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.

HISTORICAL IMAGE

MARGARET BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,

MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Richmond_and_Derby

Image result for margaret of beaufort/Images

FICTION

HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND

EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England

ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,

WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York

A NEVILL FEAST/COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING/THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES

IN THE TOWER

A NEVILL FEAST

SUMMARISING

MY COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING

[See below the text of Summarising]

THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER/A TRAGEDY/MURDER OR DISSAPEARANCE

SOME REFLECTIONS

Dear Nevill Feast

Thanks for your very interesting contribution.

I agree with you, that it’s of importance to look to

the unresolved tragedy of the ”Princes of the Tower rationally.

First, there is no proof whatsoever, that they were really murdered.

The only fact we have is, that after their arrival in the Tower

[for the supposedly coronation of the oldest one to King Edward V],

they were not seen in public after 1483.

Fact is also, that their uncle Richard deposed Edward V, alleging,

that the marriage of his brother King Edward IV with Elizabeth Woodville

were illegitimate since Edwards supposedly earlier marriage to

Eleanor Butler.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England#Accession

Be as it may, it suited Richard well, who obviously wanted to be King.

But was he also a murderer?

There is simply no proof for that.

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· 12:34 am

The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower/Susan Higginbotham/History Refreshed/”If Margaret, why not Cecily”/Some Comments

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF

THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,

WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY

TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF

THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,

WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY

TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL FICTION

KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE

OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE

UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”, WHO DEPOSED

HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England

HISTORICAL IMAGE

THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER

[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO

DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE

WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]

The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princes_in_the_Tower

EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO

SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_V_of_England

RICHARD,3RD DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF

EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III

AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”

AND ELIZABETH OF YORK

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York

CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III

AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”

AND ELIZABETH OF YORK

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecily_Neville,_Duchess_of_York

HISTORICAL IMAGE

FICTION

Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.

HISTORICAL IMAGE

MARGARET BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,

MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Richmond_and_Derby

FICTION

HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND

EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England

ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,

WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York

THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES

OF THE TOWER/COMMENTS ON SUSAN HIGGINBOTHAM/

HISTORY REFRESHED/”IF MARGARET, WHY NOT CECILY”

I make a travel to the past with you again.

This time to the period, that can be called the swan song

of the Wars of the Roses, King Edward IV been dead and

his sons, the socalled ”Princes in the Tower”

dissappeared in the Tower, probably murdered.

In her interesting Blog Contribution,”If Margaret, why not

Cecily’‘, history novel

writer Susan Higginbotham speculates that if

one can assume, that Margaret Beaufort, [mother

of the later King Henry VII],

could have ordered thei killings of the princes, instead of King

Richard III, [the general popular belief], Cecily Duchess of York,

[mother of Edward IV and grandmother

of the ”Princes of the Tower”], could also have ordered their death.

However, Higginbotham states, that their is no proof of

the guilt of both the ladies, she wants to point out

that it is as invalid to accuse Margaret, as Cecily.

I disagree with Higginbotham since, to my opinion, Margaret had

a clearer motive for the killings than Cecily.

Besides, Margaret had as much opportunity, meaning

access to the Tower as Cecily.

And Margaretalso ran lesser risks than was stated by Higginbotham.

But that comes below.

First I want to travel with you to

the last period of the bloody Wars of the Roses, where,

the House of York concerned, brother turned against brother,

which finally was one of the causes, the House of

Tudor rose to power.

End of the impressive House of Plantagenet.

However, the York dynasty, with their superior right

to the throne over Lancaster, survived through

the marriage of Elizabeth of York, daughter

of Edward IV, to Henry VII, which finally,

made Richard Duke of York

and his wife Cecily Neville, Duchess of York,

the ancestors to all subsequent English monarchs.

ENTER THE WORLD

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februari 17, 2015 · 10:16 pm

The Wars of the Roses/[The National Archives]/Cecily Neville’s Will, 1495

THE WARS OF THE ROSES/[THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES]/

CECILY NEVILLE’S WILL, 1495

These extracts from Cecily Neville’s final will – made on 31 May 1495 and proved on 27 August 1495 at Lambeth – show the great range of social contacts and responsibilities that formed part of the life of an independent noblewoman in the late Middle Ages. Her beneficiaries range from King Henry VII to lowly pages of her household, from major religious houses to local priests. As the mother of former kings, Cecily could move within the royal circles of the new dynasty, but she played a prominent part in a more local society too. Her will also reflects the complexities of her role in the Wars of the Roses.
Catalogue reference: PROB 11/10, q. 25 (1495)

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· 12:10 am

The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne through females

File:Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg

RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE

AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES

[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,

BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

WAR OF THE ROSES

SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN

RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A

WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT

HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,

EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF

SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO

CHOOSE A RED ROSE

THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES

THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]

AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL

EVIDENCE

http://shakespeare.mit.edu/1henryvi/1henryvi.2.4.html

The White Rose of theHouse of York

The Red Rose of theHouse of Lancaster

RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS

USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE

LATER KING HENRY IV

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England

KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS

HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England

KING HENRY V

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_V_of_England

KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND

[FICTION]

http://queenanneboleyn.com/2013/11/04/my-fathers-daughter-wars-of-the-roses/

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK

[FICTION]

KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,

DUKE OF YORK

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England

KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING

AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England

LANCASTER AND YORK/USURPATION AND THE RIGHT TO

THE THRONE THROUGH FEMALES

Dear Readers

Recently I wrote a letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica about

their History Page about the House of York.

See my letter

http://www.astridessed.nl/the-wars-of-the-roseslancaster-and-yorkusurpation-and-the-right-to-the-throne-by-femalesletter-to-encyclopaedia-britannica/

See the article of Encyclopaedia Britannica about

the House of York

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653692/house-of-York

Although I have much appreciation for their

historical work I had some comments about their

remarks on their Page, regarding the alleged ”usurpation”

of the House of Lancaster by the House of York,

by deposing King Henry VI by Edward of York, son

of Richard, Duke of York, in 1461, as the socalled

”weakness” in the claim to the throne by

Richard of York, because derived from females.

See my comments:

TRAVEL WITH ME TO THE PAST

ENTER THE WORLD

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februari 16, 2015 · 11:33 pm

The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne by females/Letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica

RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE

AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES

[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,

BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

WAR OF THE ROSES

SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN

RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A

WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT

HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,

EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF

SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO

CHOOSE A RED ROSE

THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES

THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]

AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL

EVIDENCE

http://shakespeare.mit.edu/1henryvi/1henryvi.2.4.html

The White Rose of theHouse of York

The Red Rose of theHouse of Lancaster

RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS

USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE

LATER KING HENRY IV

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England

KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS

HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England

KING HENRY V

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_V_of_England

KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND

[HISTORICAL IMAGE]

TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND

[FICTION]

http://queenanneboleyn.com/2013/11/04/my-fathers-daughter-wars-of-the-roses/

KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF

YORK

[FICTION]

KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,

DUKE OF YORK

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England

KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING

AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY

HISTORICAL IMAGE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England

LANCASTER AND YORK/USURPATION AND THE RIGHT TO

THE THRONE THROUGH FEMALES/LETTER TO ENCYCLOPAEDIA

BRITANNICA

TO THE EDITORS OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA

YOUR ARTICLE ABOUT THE HOUSE OF YORK

SOME COMMENTS

Dear Editors,

At first I want to express my great admiration for your

large scale History Page about ther various periods

of human history

http://www.britannica.com/topic-browse/History

I especially paid attention on your contributions

to the English Late Medieval History and visited

your page about the Hundred Years War between England

and France with pleasure, learning much of your

information

http://www.britannica.com/topic-browse/History/Middle-Ages/Hundred-Years-War

THE WARS OF THE ROSES

YOUR PAGE OF THE HOUSE OF YORK

COMMENTS

A historian myself, I wrote some articles about the

Wars of the Roses [1]

See some of my articles below.

Regarding your excellent contributions, I have read

your page about the House of York with

much interest.

See

ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, HOUSE OF YORK

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653692/house-of-York

However I want to make some comments on your contribution,

referring to your remarks about the ”usurpation” of the House of

Lancaster by the House of York, as the ”weakness” of the

claim to the throne by Richard, Duke of York, being derived by

females.

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februari 15, 2015 · 6:39 am

The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Henry VI 21 May 1455

LETTER FROM YORK, WARWICK AND SALISBURY TO HENRY VI

21 MAY 1455

Their letter to the Archbishop having failed, York, Warwick and Salisbury tried again, this time with a more direct approach. This is a short letter, and enclosed copies of previous letters, declarations and articles, including the one sent to London the previous day. Again they stress their loyalty, their concerns about their enemies and explain why they’re heading towards the king with a stout and well armed band behind them.

It was transcribed and taken by William Williflete, York’s confessor and secretary, to the earl of Devon at Watford for delivery to the king. It was delivered in the early hours of the morning. York, Warwick and Salisbury were making their way to St Albans as Williflete was on his way to Watford.

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· 6:28 am

The Wars of the Roses/[Susan Higginbotham]/Margaret of Anjou

margaret of anjou

MARGARET OF ANJOU

(The following is a slightly revised blog post I did on Margaret of Anjou, the subject of my novel in progress,
The Queen of Last Hopes. For more pieces about her and a picture gallery, see the links at the bottom of the page.)

Margaret of Anjou, queen to the unfortunate Henry VI, has surely been one of the most maligned English queens. She’s regularly portrayed as an adulteress and a vengeful harpy. One historical novel even has her repeatedly trying to murder her daughter-in-law, Anne Neville, though I never quite figured out why. (I’m not sure the author knew either.)

A set piece in many a Wars of the Roses novel, even some recent ones where the authors should have known better, involves cruel Margaret ordering immediately after the Battle of Wakefield that the severed heads of the Duke of York and his teenage son, the Earl of Rutland, be displayed and the Duke’s head be garnished with a
paper crown. In fact, Margaret was not at the Battle of Wakefield; she was in Scotland at the time. There’s even been considerable doubt cast as to the extent of the atrocities supposedly committed by her troops.

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februari 13, 2015 · 6:42 am

The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Wakefield and murder at Pontefract

WAKEFIELD AND MURDER AT PONTEFRACT

Firstly, I need to say that others have written about the battle of Wakefield in more depth than I can here. Keith Dockray & Richard Knowles’ excellent article can be found here in its entirety; and Helen Cox and Philip Haigh have both written more detailed accounts, among many others.

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februari 10, 2015 · 5:59 pm

The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/The 1st Battle of St Albans: A Warwick! A Warwick!

THE 1ST BATTLE OF ST ALBANS: A WARWICK! A WARWICK!

The battle itself, fought in the streets of St Albans, the royal standard raised then abandoned in the market square, lasted little over half an hour. Three prominent noblemen were killed. Henry VI was wounded. Yorkist propaganda got its first real work out. The Earl of Warwick’s reputation was made.

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· 5:50 pm

The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, 20 May 1455

LETTER FROM YORK, WARWICK AND SALISBURY TO THOMAS

BOURCHIER, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, 20 MAY 1455

Written in Royston, this letter was delivered to Archbishop Thomas Bourchier in London while the king was on his way to Leicester. John Say delivered it at Watford, though not into the king’s hands as York hoped. This is a long letter, and pretty dense, so I’m posting it with a translation below. (Translation from British History online, Parliamentary Rolls, Henry VI, 1455. http://www.british-history.ac.uk)

As members of the Archbishop’s family were split between the king’s forces and York’s, it would have been in his interests to try and broker a peaceful end to the very tense situation.

The letter has been described as ‘propaganda’, which it was certainly used for after the fact. I don’t doubt, however, that the three lords were genuinely concerned about their safety should the meeting at Leicester go ahead without them. There was a flurry of letters during the days leading up to the first battle of St Albans, all intended for the eyes of the king and none of them (apparently) reaching him. York blamed Somerset for withholding them and, according to the Fastolf Relation, Buckingham admitted to Mowbray Herald that Henry hadn’t seen them. Whether anything would have changed had the king read the letters is, of course, impossible to know.

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Getagd als Edmund Beaufort 2nd Duke of Somerset, Edward III, Edward IV, Edward of Westminster, English history, First Battle of St Albans, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VII, history, House of Lancaster, House of York, In English, Margaret of Anjou, Richard 3th Duke of York, Richard Duke of York, Richard II, Richard III, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick, Richard Neville 16th Earl of Warwick the Kingmaker, Richard Neville 5th Earl of Salisbury, The Wars of the Roses, Wars of the Roses

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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, 20 May 1455

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