A comment on Margaret’s Facebook page (thanks, Marilyn!) reminded me that I’ve never posted in detail about Margaret’s captivity following her defeat at Tewkesbury. So now I’m going to remedy this situation.
Tag archieven: Edward IV
The Wars of the Roses/Rivalry between Richard, Duke of York and the Duke of Somerset/Two proclamations of Richard of York/[The Paston Letters and Selections from the sources of English history]
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
______________________________
EDMUND BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF SOMERSET, THE GREAT RIVAL
OF RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK
HISTORICAL FICTION
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[FICTION]
WARS OF THE ROSES
RIVALRY BETWEEN RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK AND THE DUKE OF SOMERSET/
TWO PROCLAMATIONS OF RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK IN 1452
[PASTON LETTERS AND SELECTIONS FROM THE SOURCES OF
ENGLISH HISTORY]
INTRODUCTION
These two proclamations of Richard, Duke of York, which I found in the Paston
Letters and ”Selections from the Sources of English history” are
very interesting, since they concern the major conflict between Richard,
Duke of York and Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, one of the direct
causes to the Wars of the Roses.
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The Wars of the Roses/Letter from Richard, Duke of York to Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter/Some comments on A Nevill Feast, referring to the marriage of the Duke of Exeter with Anne of York, daughter of Richard, Duke of York
RICHARD PLANTAGENET, DUKE OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE,
FATHER OF ANNE , DUCHESS OF EXETER AND
EDWARD , LATER KING EDWARD IV
CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK, MOTHER OF ANNE OF YORK, DUCHESS OF
EXETER AND EDWARD OF YORK, LATER KING
EDWARD IV
HISTORICAL IMAGE
HISTORICAL FICTION
EDWARD PLANTAGENET [EDWARD OF YORK],LATER
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK AND BROTHER OF ANNE OF YORK,
DUCHESS OF EXETER
HISTORICAL [FICTION]
ANNE PLANTAGENET [ANNE OF YORK], DUCHESS OF EXETER [MARRIED TO HENRY HOLLAND,
3TH DUKE OF EXETER], DAUGHTER OF THE DUKE OF YORK
[HISTORICAL FICTION]
[PLANTAGENET IS THE NAME OF THE ROYAL HOUSE FROM
1154 TILL 1485. SINCE THE DUKE OF YORK WAS A DIRECT MALE
DESCENDANT OF EDMUND OF LANGLEY, FOURTH SON OF EDWARD III,
HIS FAMILY NAME WAS PLANTAGENET, HIS DAUGHTER’S
FAMILY NAME WAS ALSO PLANTAGENET]
HENRY HOLLAND, THIRD DUKE OF EXETER, SON
IN LAW OF THE DUKE OF YORK
[HISTORICAL FICTION]
THE WARS OF THE ROSES/LETTER FROM RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK TO HENRY HOLLAND, DUKE OF EXETER/SOME
COMMENTS ON A NEVILL FEAST, REFERRING TO THE MARRIAGE
OF THE DUKE OF EXETER WITH ANNE OF YORK, DAUGHTER
OF RICHARD OF YORK
A NEVILL FAST/COMMENTS ON
MY COMMENTS
[See below the text of the letter from Richard of York to
the Duke of Exeter]
ANNE OF YORK, DUCHESS OF EXETER AND HER MARRIAGE
TO HENRY HOLLAND, THE 3TH DUKE OF EXETER
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The Wars of the Roses/A Nevill Feast/Comments on Summarising/The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL FICTION
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE
UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”,
WHO DEPOSED
HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER
[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO
DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE
WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]
The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection
EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO
SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III
HISTORICAL IMAGE
RICHARD,3RD DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF
EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
FICTION
Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
MARGARET BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,
MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII
FICTION
HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND
EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,
WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
A NEVILL FEAST/COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING/THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES
IN THE TOWER
A NEVILL FEAST
MY COMMENTS ON SUMMARISING
[See below the text of Summarising]
THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER/A TRAGEDY/MURDER OR DISSAPEARANCE
SOME REFLECTIONS
Dear Nevill Feast
Thanks for your very interesting contribution.
I agree with you, that it’s of importance to look to
the unresolved tragedy of the ”Princes of the Tower rationally.
First, there is no proof whatsoever, that they were really murdered.
The only fact we have is, that after their arrival in the Tower
[for the supposedly coronation of the oldest one to King Edward V],
they were not seen in public after 1483.
Fact is also, that their uncle Richard deposed Edward V, alleging,
that the marriage of his brother King Edward IV with Elizabeth Woodville
were illegitimate since Edwards supposedly earlier marriage to
Eleanor Butler.
Be as it may, it suited Richard well, who obviously wanted to be King.
But was he also a murderer?
There is simply no proof for that.
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The Wars of the Roses/The Princes in the Tower/Susan Higginbotham/History Refreshed/”If Margaret, why not Cecily”/Some Comments
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK AND FATHER TO THE ”PRINCES OF
THE TOWER” AND ELIZABETH OF YORK,
WIFE TO THE LATER KING HENRY VII [HENRY
TUDOR] AND MOTHER TO KING HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL FICTION
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE
OF YORK, BROTHER OF KING EDWARD IV AND THE
UNCLE OF THE ”PRINCES OF THE TOWER”, WHO DEPOSED
HIS ELDEST NEPHEW EDWARD V TO BECOME KING.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER
[THE TWO SONS OF KING EDWARD IV, WHO
DISAPPEARED IN THE TOWER, PROBABLY MURDERED, THE ELDEST ONE
WAS SHORTLY EDWARD Y, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III]
The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection
EDWARD V, THE ELDEST OF THE PRINCES IN THE TOWER, WHO
SHORTLY BECAME KING, BEFORE HE WAS DEPOSED BY HIS UNCLE RICHARD,
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, THE LATER KING RICHARD III
HISTORICAL IMAGE
RICHARD,3RD DUKE OF YORK, FATHER OF
EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDFATHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
CECILY OF YORK, WIFE OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK, MOTHER OF EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III
AND GRANDMOTHER OF ”THE PRINCES OF THE TOWER”
AND ELIZABETH OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
FICTION
Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.
HISTORICAL IMAGE
MARGARET BEAUFORT, WIFE OF EDMUND TUDOR,
MOTHER OF HENRY TUDOR, LATER KING HENRY VII
FICTION
HENRY VII, SON OF MARGARET BEAUFORT AND
EDMUND TUDOR, FATHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
ELIZABETH OF YORK, DAUGHTER OF EDWARD IV,
WIFE OF HENRY VII AND MOTHER OF HENRY VIII
HISTORICAL IMAGE
THE WARS OF THE ROSES/THE PRINCES
OF THE TOWER/COMMENTS ON SUSAN HIGGINBOTHAM/
HISTORY REFRESHED/”IF MARGARET, WHY NOT CECILY”
I make a travel to the past with you again.
This time to the period, that can be called the swan song
of the Wars of the Roses, King Edward IV been dead and
his sons, the socalled ”Princes in the Tower”
dissappeared in the Tower, probably murdered.
In her interesting Blog Contribution,”If Margaret, why not
Cecily’‘, history novel
writer Susan Higginbotham speculates that if
one can assume, that Margaret Beaufort, [mother
of the later King Henry VII],
could have ordered thei killings of the princes, instead of King
Richard III, [the general popular belief], Cecily Duchess of York,
[mother of Edward IV and grandmother
of the ”Princes of the Tower”], could also have ordered their death.
However, Higginbotham states, that their is no proof of
the guilt of both the ladies, she wants to point out
that it is as invalid to accuse Margaret, as Cecily.
I disagree with Higginbotham since, to my opinion, Margaret had
a clearer motive for the killings than Cecily.
Besides, Margaret had as much opportunity, meaning
access to the Tower as Cecily.
And Margaretalso ran lesser risks than was stated by Higginbotham.
But that comes below.
First I want to travel with you to
the last period of the bloody Wars of the Roses, where,
the House of York concerned, brother turned against brother,
which finally was one of the causes, the House of
Tudor rose to power.
End of the impressive House of Plantagenet.
However, the York dynasty, with their superior right
to the throne over Lancaster, survived through
the marriage of Elizabeth of York, daughter
of Edward IV, to Henry VII, which finally,
made Richard Duke of York
and his wife Cecily Neville, Duchess of York,
the ancestors to all subsequent English monarchs.
ENTER THE WORLD
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The Wars of the Roses/[The National Archives]/Cecily Neville’s Will, 1495
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The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne through females
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
WAR OF THE ROSES
SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A
WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT
HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,
EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF
SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO
CHOOSE A RED ROSE
THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES
THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]
AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL
EVIDENCE
The White Rose of theHouse of York
The Red Rose of theHouse of Lancaster
RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS
USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE
LATER KING HENRY IV
.jpg)
KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS
HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN
KING HENRY V
.jpg)
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[FICTION]
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK
[FICTION]
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING
AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY
HISTORICAL IMAGE
Dear Readers
Recently I wrote a letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica about
their History Page about the House of York.
See my letter
See the article of Encyclopaedia Britannica about
the House of York
Although I have much appreciation for their
historical work I had some comments about their
remarks on their Page, regarding the alleged ”usurpation”
of the House of Lancaster by the House of York,
by deposing King Henry VI by Edward of York, son
of Richard, Duke of York, in 1461, as the socalled
”weakness” in the claim to the throne by
Richard of York, because derived from females.
See my comments:
TRAVEL WITH ME TO THE PAST
ENTER THE WORLD
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The Wars of the Roses/Lancaster and York/Usurpation and the right to the throne by females/Letter to Encyclopaedia Britannica
RICHARD OF YORK, CLAIMANT TO THE ENGLISH THRONE
AND ONE OF THE MAIN LEADERS OF THE WAR OF ROSES
[WAR BETWEEN THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK,
BOTH DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD III]
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
WAR OF THE ROSES
SCENE AT THE TEMPLE GARDEN
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, WEARING A
WHITE ROSE, TO CONFRONT
HIS POLITICAL RIVAL AND ENEMY,
EDMUND, BEAUFORT, 2ND DUKE OF
SOMERSET, FORCING HIM TO
CHOOSE A RED ROSE
THE NOBLE LORDS TAKING SIDES
THIS IS A SHAKESPEARE SCENE [HENRY VI]
AND NOT BASED ON ANY HISTORICAL
EVIDENCE
The White Rose of theHouse of York
The Red Rose of theHouse of Lancaster
RICHARD II, WHOSE THRONE WAS
USURPED BY HENRY BOLINBROKE, THE
LATER KING HENRY IV
KING HENRY IV, WHO USURPED THE THRONE OF RICHARD II AS
HENRY BOLINBROKE, HIS COUSIN
KING HENRY V
KING HENRY VI OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[HISTORICAL IMAGE]
TWO IMAGES OF MARGARET OF ANJOU, QUEEN OF ENGLAND
[FICTION]
KING EDWARD IV, SON OF RICHARD, DUKE OF
YORK
[FICTION]
KING RICHARD III, SON OF RICHARD,
DUKE OF YORK
HISTORICAL IMAGE
KING HENRY VII, THE FIRST TUDOR KING
AND FOUNDER OF THE TUDOR DYNASTY
HISTORICAL IMAGE
LANCASTER AND YORK/USURPATION AND THE RIGHT TO
THE THRONE THROUGH FEMALES/LETTER TO ENCYCLOPAEDIA
BRITANNICA
TO THE EDITORS OF ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
YOUR ARTICLE ABOUT THE HOUSE OF YORK
SOME COMMENTS
Dear Editors,
At first I want to express my great admiration for your
large scale History Page about ther various periods
of human history
I especially paid attention on your contributions
to the English Late Medieval History and visited
your page about the Hundred Years War between England
and France with pleasure, learning much of your
information
THE WARS OF THE ROSES
YOUR PAGE OF THE HOUSE OF YORK
COMMENTS
A historian myself, I wrote some articles about the
Wars of the Roses [1]
See some of my articles below.
Regarding your excellent contributions, I have read
your page about the House of York with
much interest.
See
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, HOUSE OF YORK
However I want to make some comments on your contribution,
referring to your remarks about the ”usurpation” of the House of
Lancaster by the House of York, as the ”weakness” of the
claim to the throne by Richard, Duke of York, being derived by
females.
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The Wars of the Roses/[NevillFeast]/Letter from York, Warwick and Salisbury to Henry VI 21 May 1455
Their letter to the Archbishop having failed, York, Warwick and Salisbury tried again, this time with a more direct approach. This is a short letter, and enclosed copies of previous letters, declarations and articles, including the one sent to London the previous day. Again they stress their loyalty, their concerns about their enemies and explain why they’re heading towards the king with a stout and well armed band behind them.
It was transcribed and taken by William Williflete, York’s confessor and secretary, to the earl of Devon at Watford for delivery to the king. It was delivered in the early hours of the morning. York, Warwick and Salisbury were making their way to St Albans as Williflete was on his way to Watford.
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The Wars of the Roses/[Susan Higginbotham]/Margaret of Anjou
(The following is a slightly revised blog post I did on Margaret of Anjou, the subject of my novel in progress,
The Queen of Last Hopes. For more pieces about her and a picture gallery, see the links at the bottom of the page.)
Margaret of Anjou, queen to the unfortunate Henry VI, has surely been one of the most maligned English queens. She’s regularly portrayed as an adulteress and a vengeful harpy. One historical novel even has her repeatedly trying to murder her daughter-in-law, Anne Neville, though I never quite figured out why. (I’m not sure the author knew either.)
A set piece in many a Wars of the Roses novel, even some recent ones where the authors should have known better, involves cruel Margaret ordering immediately after the Battle of Wakefield that the severed heads of the Duke of York and his teenage son, the Earl of Rutland, be displayed and the Duke’s head be garnished with a
paper crown. In fact, Margaret was not at the Battle of Wakefield; she was in Scotland at the time. There’s even been considerable doubt cast as to the extent of the atrocities supposedly committed by her troops.
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