[588]
”The natural leader of the group was Henry Lacy, Earl of Lincoln. One of the wealthiest men in the country, he was also the oldest of the earls and had proved his loyalty and ableness through long service to Edward I.[12] Lincoln had a moderating influence on the more extreme members of the group, but with his death in February 1311, leadership passed to his son-in-law and heir Thomas of Lancaster.[13] Lancaster – the king’s cousin – was now in possession of five earldoms which made him by far the wealthiest man in the country, save the king.”
WIKIPEDIA
ORDINANCES OF 1311/THE LORDS ORDAINERS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Ordinances_of_1311#The_Lords_O rdainers
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ORDINANCES OF 1311
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Ordinances_of_1311
DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH HISTORY
THE ORDINANCES OF 1311
http://historyofengland.typepa d.com/documents_in_english_his t/2013/02/the-ordinances-of-13 11.html
[589]
YOUTUBE.COM
SHE WOLVES/ENGLAND’S EARLY QUEENS: ISABELLA
AND MARGARET
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=192QjemfTh0&t=1101s
YOUTUBE.COM
BRITAIN’S BLOODIEST DYNASTY
EPISODE 3:EDWARD II
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=7vvVvpJvy_E
”Edward punished Lancaster’s supporters through a system of special courts across the country, with the judges instructed in advance how to sentence the accused, who were not allowed to speak in their own defence.[216] Many of these so-called “Contrariants” were simply executed, and others were imprisoned or fined, with their lands seized and their surviving relatives detained”
……
……
”Hugh Despenser the Younger lived and ruled in grand style, playing a leading role in Edward’s government, and executing policy through a wide network of family retainers.[227] Supported by Robert Baldock and Walter Stapledon, Edward’s chancellor and lord treasurer, the Despensers accumulated land and wealth, using their position in government to provide superficial cover for what historian Seymour Phillips describes as “the reality of fraud, threats of violence and abuse of legal procedure””
…….
……
”Law and order began to break down, encouraged by the chaos caused by the seizure of lands”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/EDWARD AND THE DESPENSERS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Edward_an d_the_Despensers
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
”Hugh Despenser the younger was now firmly ensconced as Edward’s new favourite and lover, and together over the next four years Edward and the Despensers imposed a harsh rule over England, a “sweeping revenge”[49] characterised by land confiscation, large-scale imprisonment, executions and the punishment of extended family members, including women and the elderly”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/RETURN OF THE DESPENSERS 1321-6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Return_of_t he_Despensers.2C_1321-6
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
[590]
” A parliament was held at York in March 1322 at which the Ordinances were formally revoked through the Statute of York, and fresh taxes agreed for a new campaign against the Scots.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/EDWARD AND THE DESPENSERS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Edward_ and_the_Despensers
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
”The Statute of York was a 1322 Act of the Parliament of England that repealed the Ordinances of 1311 and prevented any similar provisions from being established.”
WIKIPEDIA
THE STATUTE OF YORK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Statute_of_York
[591]
”And so passed Thomas of Lancaster, earl of Lancaster, Leicester, Derby, Lincoln and Salisbury, steward of England, grandson and nephew of kings of England, brother-in-law and uncles of kings of France. Not counting Piers Gaveston, earl of Cornwall, Thomas was the first English earl executed since Waltheof in 1076…..”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THOMAS OF LANCASTER AND HIS RELATIONSHIP
WITH EDWARD II (3)
2 MAY 2010
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2010/05/thomas-of-lancast er-and-his.html
2 MAY 2010
WIKIPEDIA
WALTHEOF, EARL OF NORTHUMBRIA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Waltheof,_Earl_of_Northumbria
[592]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S EXECUTIONS IN 1322
8 JUNE 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/06/edward-iis-execut ions-of-1322.html
[593]
”Bartholomew, Lord Badlesmere, formely Edward II’s steward, suffered the traitor’s death at Canterbury.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S EXECUTIONS IN 1322
8 JUNE 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/06/edward-iis-execut ions-of-1322.html
”Bartholomew was tried at Canterbury on 14 April 1322 and sentenced to death. On the same day he was drawn for three miles behind a horse to Blean, where he held property.[34] There he was hanged and beheaded. ”
WIKIPEDIA
BARTHOLOMEW DE BADLESMERE, 1ST BARON BADLESMERE/DEATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Bartholomew_de_Badlesmere,_1st _Baron_Badlesmere#Death
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
BARTHOLOMEW DE BADLESMERE, 1ST BARON BADLESMERE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Bartholomew_de_Badlesmere,_1st _Baron_Badlesmere
[594]
” In addition, a few dozen men were imprisoned – various chroniclers give the numbers as sixty-two, eighty-three or a hundred [1] – while others were released in and after 1322 after being forced to acknowledge that they owed large debts to the king in return for a pardon.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
A PLOT TO FREE SOME CONTRARIANTS, 1323
11 FEBRUARY 2012
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2012/02/plot-to-free-some -contrariants-1323.html
YOUTUBE.COM
SHE WOLVES: ENGLAND’S EARLY QUEENS: ISABELLA AND
MARGARET
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=192QjemfTh0&t=1196s
[595]
”After his execution, Alice – unfortunately – suffered harsh and vindictive treatment at the hands of Edward II and the two Hugh Despensers. Although the earldom of Lincoln was restored to her in December 1322, she was, according to Paul Doherty, imprisoned and threatened with execution by the Despensers; “they claimed she was the real cause of her husband’s execution and should suffer the fate specially reserved for the murderers of husbands – being burnt alive.””
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
ABANDONMENT AND ABDUCTION: THE EVENTFUL
LIFE OF ALICE DE LACY
10 JANUARY 2007
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2007/01/abandonment-and-a bduction-eventful-life.html
”While the couple were still in France, King Edward had retaliated against Mortimer by taking Joan and all of their children into custody, and “treating them with severity”.[22] In April 1324 Joan was removed from Hampshire where she had been confined in a lodging under house arrest and sent to Skipton Castle in Yorkshire; there she was imprisoned in a cell and endured considerable suffering and hardship.[23] Most of her household had been dismissed and she was permitted a small number of attendants to serve her. She was granted just one mark per day for her necessities, and out of this sum she had to feed her servants.[24] She was additionally allowed ten marks per annum at Easter and Michaelmas for new clothes.[25] Her daughters suffered worse privations having been locked up inside various religious houses with even less money at their disposal.[24]Joan was transferred from Skipton to Pontefract Castle in July 1326”
WIKIPEDIA
JOAN DE GENEVILLE, 2ND BARONESS GENEVILLE/JOAN”S IMPRISONMENT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Joan_de_Geneville,_2nd_ Baroness_Geneville#Joan.27s_ imprisonment
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
JOAN DE GENEVILLE, 2ND BARONESS GENEVILLE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Joan_de_Geneville,_2nd_ Baroness_Geneville
YOUTUBE.COM
SHE WOLVES: ENGLAND’S EARLY QUEENS: ISABELLA AND
MARGARET
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=192QjemfTh0&t=1196s
[596]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THE SIEGE OF LEEDS CASTLE
24 NOVEMBER 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/11/leeds-castle-1321 .html
YOUTUBE.COM
SHE WOLVES: ENGLAND’S EARLY QUEENS: ISABELLA AND
MARGARET
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=192QjemfTh0&t=1196s
[597]
”Margaret remained imprisoned in the Tower until 3 November 1322, when she was released on the strength of a bond from her son-in-law William de Ros and five others”
WIKIPEDIA
MARGARET DE CLARE, BARONESS BADLESMERE/IMPRISONMENT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Margaret_de_Clare,_Baroness_Ba dlesmere#Imprisonment
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
MARGARET DE CLARE, BARONESS BADLESMERE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Margaret_de_Clare,_Baroness_Ba dlesmere
”Bartholomew was tried at Canterbury on 14 April 1322 and sentenced to death. On the same day he was drawn for three miles behind a horse to Blean, where he held property.[34] There he was hanged and beheaded. ”
WIKIPEDIA
BARTHOLOMEW DE BADLESMERE, 1ST BARON BADLESMERE/DEATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Bartholomew_de_Badlesmere,_1st _Baron_Badlesmere#Death
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
BARTHOLOMEW DE BADLESMERE, 1ST BARON BADLESMERE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Bartholomew_de_Badlesmere,_1st _Baron_Badlesmere
”Bartholomew, Lord Badlesmere, formely Edward II’s steward, suffered the traitor’s death at Canterbury.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S EXECUTIONS IN 1322
8 JUNE 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/06/edward-iis-execut ions-of-1322.html
[598]
BLOW UP IN ONE’S FACE
”(of an action, project, or situation) go drastically wrong with damaging effects to oneself.”
OXFORD DICTIONARIES
<as_face” href=”https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/blow_up_in_one’s_face” target=”_blank”>https://en.oxforddictionaries. com/definition/blow_up_in_one’ s_face</as_face”>
[599]
MARTYRS IN THE MAKING: POLITICAL MARTYRDOM
IN LATE MEDIEVAL ENGLAND
D. PIROYANSKY
2008
CHAPTER 2
”THOMAS, EARL OF LANCASTER, CHRIST’S KNIGHT”
[600]
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster
[601]
”A death sentence was passed upon Roger but this was commuted to life imprisonment and he was consigned to the Tower of London.[5] In August 1323 Mortimer, aided by the Constable, Stephen de Segrave, drugged the warders and escaped.[5] He attempted to capture Windsor and Wallingfor d Castles to free imprisoned Contrariants.[5] Roger eventually fled to France, pursued by warrants for his capture dead or alive.[11]”
WIKIPEDIA
ROGER MORTIMER, 1ST EARL OF MARCH/OPPOSITION TO
EDWARD II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_ March#Opposition_to_Edward_II
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ROGER MORTIMER, 1ST EARL OF MARCH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_ March
[602]
” Edward and Dispenser won, beheading the rebels’ leader Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (King Edward’s cousin) and forcing others into exile.”
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSELL/CAREER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell#Career
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSELL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell
”As Edward II slowly regained power from the Ordainers he rewarded the reviled Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester with land he confiscated from the barons, leading to their revolt. William Trussell was amongst them and on 12 March 1322 a warrant for his arrest was issued describing him as “the King’s enemy“.[3] Four days later both Trussell and his son fought on the rebels’ side at the Battle of Boroughbridge. Edward and Dispenser won, beheading the rebels’ leader Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (King Edward’s cousin) and forcing others into exile.”
….
…..
”Trussell fled to France…….”
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSELL/CAREER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell#Career
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSELL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell
[603]
”But – they were overwhelmingly avaricious, extorted anyone they could – imprisoning people if they had to, till they handed over their lands – and in a short time made themselves absolutely detested by absolutely everyone”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S OTHER GREAT FAVOURITE, HUGH
DESPENSER THE YOUNGER
5 FEBRUARY 2006
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2006/02/edward-iis-other- great-favourite-hugh.html
”Hugh Despenser the Younger lived and ruled in grand style, playing a leading role in Edward’s government, and executing policy through a wide network of family retainers.[227] Supported by Robert Baldock and Walter Stapledon, Edward’s chancellor and lord treasurer, the Despensers accumulated land and wealth, using their position in government to provide superficial cover for what historian Seymour Phillips describes as “the reality of fraud, threats of violence and abuse of legal procedure”.[228] Meanwhile, Edward faced growing opposition.
……
…….
Law and order began to break down, encouraged by the chaos caused by the seizure of lands”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/EDWARD AND THE DESPENSERS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Edward_an d_the_Despensers
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
”The time from the Despensers’ return from exile until the end of Edward II’s reign was a time of uncertainty in England. With the main baronial opposition leaderless and weak, having been defeated at the Battle of Boroughbridge, and Edward willing to let them do as they pleased, the Despensers were left unchecked. This maladministration caused hostile feeling for them and, by proxy, Edward II”
WIKIPEDIA
HUGH DESPENSER THE YOUNGER/POLITICAL MANOEUVERINGS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger#Pol itical_manoeuverings
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HUGH DESPENSER THE YOUNGER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger
”The time from the Despensers’ return from exile until the end of Edward II’s reign was a time of uncertainty in England. With the main baronial opposition leaderless and weak, having been defeated at the Battle of Boroughbridge, and Edward willing to let them do as they pleased, the Despensers were left unchecked. This maladministration caused hostile feeling for them and, by proxy, Edward II”
WIKIPEDIA
HUGH DESPENSER THE YOUNGER/POLITICAL MANOEUVERINGS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger#Pol itical_manoeuverings
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HUGH DESPENSER THE YOUNGER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger
[604]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S FEUDS WITH BISHOPS IN THE 1320’S
14 FEBRUARY 2014
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2014/02/edward-iis-feuds- with-bishops-in-1320s.html
[605]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S FEUDS WITH BISHOPS IN THE 1320’S
14 FEBRUARY 2014
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2014/02/edward-iis-feuds- with-bishops-in-1320s.html
[606]
”More and more problems beset the troubled, unpopular and increasingly tyrannical king in 1323: Andrew Harclay’s treason; a near-escape from Wallingford Castle by some of the Contrariants imprisoned there; a remarkable royal vendetta which he carried out against several of his bishops; persistent reports of miracles at the execution sites of several Contrariants; Roger Mortimer’s escape from the Tower”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EVERYTHING GOING WRONG
11 APRIL 2011
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2011/04/everything-going- wrong.html
[607]
DICTIONARY.CAMBRIDGE.ORG
BIG TIME
”If you do something big time, you do it to a great degree:
http://dictionary.cambridge. org/dictionary/english/big- time
[608]
WIKIPEDIA
CHARLES IV OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Charles_IV_of_France
[609]
WIKIPEDIA
ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Eleanor_of_Aquitaine
”His 1152 marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine allowed the future Henry II to gain control of his new wife’s possessions of Aquitaine and Gascony. This addition to his already plentiful holdings made Henry the most powerful vassal in France.[3]”
WIKIPEDIA
GASCONY/ANGEVIN EMPIRE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Gascony#Angevin_Empire
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
GASCONY
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Gascony
”William IX, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 1127) who succeeded to the dukedom in 1087, gained fame as a crusader and a troubadour. His son William X (d. 1137) married his daughter Eleanor to Louis VII of France, and Aquitaine went as her dowry. But when Eleanor was divorced from Louis and married Henry II of England in 1152, the duchy passed to the English Crown. Having suppressed a revolt in his new possession, Henry gave it to his son Richard. When Richard died in 1199, it reverted to Eleanor, and on her death five years later, it was absorbed into the English crown and henceforward followed the fortunes of the other English possessions in France, such as Normandy and Anjou, ultimately leading to the Hundred Years’ War between the French and English crowns.”
WIKIPEDIA
DUCHY OF AQUITAINE/ANGEVIN EMPIRE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Duchy_of_Aquitaine#Angevin_Emp ire
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
DUCHY OF AQUITAINE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Duchy_of_Aquitaine
WIKIPEDIA
HOMAGE (FEUDAL)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Homage_(feudal)
[610]
”Eleanor was born in Burgos, daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile and Joan, Countess of Ponthieu.”
WIKIPEDIA
ELEANOR OF CASTILE/BIRTH
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ELEANOR OF CASTILE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Eleanor_of_Castile
Edward was meant to perform homage for Gascony and Ponthieu at Beauvais on 29 August 1325 to his brother-in-law Charles IV, his overlord for these lands. If he failed to do so, the lands would be forfeit to the French king. Edward’s great-great-grandmother Eleanor of Aquitaine had brought the duchy of Aquitaine to the English Crown on her marriage to (the future) Henry II in 1152, while Ponthieu was Edward’s inheritance from his mother Eleanor of Castile, countess of Ponthieu in her own right.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II DID NOT STUPIDLY FALL INTO A TRAP, SEPTEMBER
1325
14 APRIL 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/04/edward-ii-did- not-stupidly-fall-into.html
”Edward I was distraught at his wife’s death and held a huge funeral for her; his son inherited the County of Ponthieu from Eleanor on her death.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/CHILDHOOD, PERSONALITY AND APPEAREANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Childhood .2C_personality_and_appearance
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[611]
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/WAR WITH FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#War_with_ France
ORIGINAL SOURCE
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[612]
”In response, Edward ordered the arrest of any French persons in England and seized Isabella’s lands, on the basis that she was of French origin”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/WAR WITH FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#War_with_ France
ORIGINAL SOURCE
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
ABOUT CONFISCATING ISABELLA’S LANDS AND SENDING
HER FRENCH ATTENDANTS AWAY……
GREAT YOUTUBE DOCUMENTARY/SEE BELOW
Although the children of Queen Isabella
were NOT taken away from her, which is mentioned in the
documentary
See two convincing articles about this:
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
MYTHBUSTER 7: EDWARD II CRUELLY REMOVED ISABELLA’S
CHILDREN FROM HER
24 MARCH 2013
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2013/03/ mythbuster-7-edward-ii- cruelly-removed.html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
JOHN OF ELTHAM WAS NOT ”REMOVED” FROM HIS MOTHER
IN 1324
11 MAY 2017
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2017/05/john-of- eltham-was-not-removed-from- his.html
YOUTUBE.COM
BRITAIN’S BLOODIEST DYNASTY
EPISODE 3:EDWARD II
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=7vvVvpJvy_E
[613]
‘They didn’t allow anyone access to Edward unless at least one of them was present – including, amazingly enough, Queen Isabella, who was not allowed to see her husband alone.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S OTHER GREAT FAVOURITE, HUGH
DESPENSER THE YOUNGER
5 FEBRUARY 2006
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2006/02/edward-iis-other- great-favourite-hugh.html
[614]
”Edward and his advisers had concerns about sending the prince to France, but agreed to send Isabella on her own as an envoy in March 1325”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/WAR WITH FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#War_with_ France
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[615]
”’Edward was meant to perform homage for Gascony and Ponthieu at Beauvais on 29 August 1325 to his brother-in-law Charles IV, his overlord for these lands. If he failed to do so, the lands would be forfeit to the French king. Edward’s great-great-grandmother Eleanor of Aquitaine had brought the duchy of Aquitaine to the English Crown on her marriage to (the future) Henry II in 1152, while Ponthieu was Edward’s inheritance from his mother Eleanor of Castile, countess of Ponthieu in her own right.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II DID NOT STUPIDLY FALL INTO A TRAP, SEPTEMBER
1325
14 APRIL 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/04/edward-ii-did- not-stupidly-fall-into.html
[616]
”He could not take his favourite Hugh Despenser with him, as Despenser was loathed in France for his piracy of 1321; it was said that if he set foot there, he would be arrested and tortured.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II DID NOT STUPIDLY FALL INTO A TRAP, SEPTEMBER
1325
14 APRIL 2009
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2009/04/edward-ii-did- not-stupidly-fall-into.html
[617]
”The young Prince Edward crossed the English Channel and completed the bargain in September”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/FALL FROM POWER (1326-1327)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Fall_from _power_.281326.E2.80.931327.29
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[618]
””I feel that marriage is a joining together of man and woman, maintaining the undivided habit of life, and that someone has come between my husband and myself trying to break this bond; I protest that I will not return until this intruder is removed, but discarding my marriage garment, shall assume the robes of widowhood and mourning until I am avenged of this Pharisee.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (1)
7 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses.html
[619]
What her words actually say is that she believed a third party, Hugh, had come between herself and her husband to such an extent that she felt like a widow (and the French Chronicle of London confirms that the queen took to wearing clothes “as a lady in mourning who had lost her lord”)
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (1)
7 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses.html
[620]
”She set Edward an ultimatum, and must have been deeply hurt by his utter refusal to consider her feelings; in long rambling letters to herself, her brother Charles IV and French bishops and noblemen, and in a speech to parliament in London in November 1325, Edward II showed that his greatest priority was to defend Hugh Despenser against all accusations. And of course he completely refused to send Hugh away from him.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (1)
7 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses.html
[621]
”Prince Edward arrived in France, and gave homage in September. At this point, however, rather than returning, Isabella remained firmly in France with her son. Edward began to send urgent messages to the Pope and to Charles IV, expressing his concern about his wife’s absence, but to no avail”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/TENSIONS IN GASCONY 1323-5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Tensions_ in_Gascony.2C_1323-5
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
[622]
”The queen has come of her will, and may freely return if she so wishes. But if she prefers to remain in these parts, she is my sister, and I will not detain her.’
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (2)
12 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses_12.html
[623]
”For his part, Charles replied that the, “queen has come of her own will and may freely return if she wishes. But if she prefers to remain here, she is my sister and I refuse to expel her.”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/TENSIONS IN GASCONY 1323-5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Tensions_ in_Gascony.2C_1323-5
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
[624]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (2)
12 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses_12.html
[625]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (2)
12 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses_12.html
[626]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (2)
12 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses_12.html
[627]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (2)
12 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses_12.html
[628]
WIKIPEDIA
ROGER MORTIMER, 1ST EARL OF MARCH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_Ma rch
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
ROGER MORTIMER ESCAPES FROM THE TOWER, 1323
4 AUGUST 2013
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2013/08/roger-mortimer-es capes-from-tower-1323.html
[629]
”Isabella remained in France for eighteen months, and when she finally returned to England in September 1326, it was at the head of an invasion force, with her husband’s greatest enemy – Roger Mortimer, lord of Wigmore – at her side.
…..
……
”They had begun some kind of association by 8 February 1326….”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (1)
7 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses.html
[630]
”They had begun some kind of association by 8 February 1326, when Edward II complained that his queen was ‘adopting the counsel’ of Roger Mortimer and his allies on the Continent, meaning other English noblemen and knights who had joined the 1321/22 Contrariant rebellion against the king and the Despensers and who fled the country after the Contrariant defeat at the battle of Boroughbridge on 16 March 1322.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1325: ISABELLA REFUSES TO RETURN TO EDWARD (1)
7 NOVEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/11/octobernovember-1 325-isabella-refuses.html
[631]
”Historians have speculated as to the date at which Mortimer and Isabella actually became lovers.[12] The modern view is that it began while both were still in England, and that after a disagreement, Isabella abandoned Roger to his fate in the Tower. His subsequent escape became one of medieval England’s most colourful episodes. However almost certainly Isabella risked everything by chancing Mortimer’s companionship and emotional support when they first met again at Paris four years later (Christmas 1325)”
WIKIPEDIA
ROGER MORTIMER, 1ST EARL OF MARCH/OPPOSITION TO EDWARD II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_ March#Opposition_to_Edward_II
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ROGER MORTIMER, 1ST EARL OF MARCH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_ March
”Mortimer and Isabella began a passionate relationship from December 1325 onwards; Isabella was taking a huge risk in doing so – female infidelity was a very serious offence in medieval Europe, as shown during the Tour de Nesle Affair – both Isabella’s former French sisters-in-law had died by 1326 as a result of their imprisonment for exactly this offence.[75] Isabella’s motivation has been the subject of discussion by historians; most agree that there was a strong sexual attraction between the two, that they shared an interest in the Arthurian legends and that they both enjoyed fine art and high living”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/ROGER MORTIMER 1325-6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Roger_ Mortimer.2C_1325-6
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
”By February 1326, it was clear that Isabella was involved in a relationship with the exiled Marcher Lord, Roger Mortimer.[256] It is unclear when Isabella first met Mortimer or when their relationship began, but they both wanted to see Edward and the Despensers removed from power.[257][nb 14] The King appealed for his son to return, and for Charles to intervene on his behalf, but this had no effect”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/FALL FROM POWER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Fall_ from_power_.281326.E2.80. 931327.29
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[632]
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSELL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell
[633]
”Not long after this, Edmund joined the queen and prince in Paris. A circle of opposition was emerging around the queen, including the exiled Roger Mortimer. Edmund, who had previously been steadfast in his support for his half-brother, now joined the plot against the king.[27] Though he still distrusted Mortimer, his hatred for the Despensers seems to have been even greater at this point.[28] When Edmund, along with the others, ignored the king’s order to return to England, his lands were confiscated in March 1326”
WIKIPEDIA
EDMUND OF WOODSTOCK, 1ST EARL OF KENT/DEPOSITION
OF EDWARD II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edmund_of_Woodstock,_1st_Earl_ of_Kent#Deposition_of_Edward_I I
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDMUND OF WOODSTOCK, 1ST EARL OF KENT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edmund_of_Woodstock,_1st_Earl_ of_Kent
[634]
”…..Isabella betrothed Prince Edward to Philippa, the daughter of the Count, in exchange for a substantial dowry.[78] She then used this money plus an earlier loan from Charles[79] to raise a mercenary army, scouring Brabant for men, which were added to a small force of Hainaut troops.[80] William also provided eight men of war ships and various smaller vessels as part of the marriage arrangements”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/ROGER MORTIMER, 1325-6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Roger_ Mortimer.2C_1325-6
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
”Isabella betrothed her son Edward of Windsor to a daughter of the Count of Hainault in modern-day Belgium in order to secure ships, mercenaries and cash to invade England. ”
HISTORY EXTRA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE, THE REBEL QUEEN
20 JULY 2016
http://www.historyextra.com/ar ticle/international-history/is abella-france-rebel-queen
[635]
”On the Queen’s return to England in September 1326 with Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Henry joined her party against King Edward II, which led to a general desertion of the king’s cause and overturned the power of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, and his namesake son Hugh the younger Despenser.”
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/REVENGE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster#R evenge
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster
EARL OF LEICESTER IN 1324
”Henry did not participate in his brother’s rebellions; he later petitioned for his brother’s lands and titles, and on 29 March 1324 he was invested as Earl of Leicester.”
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/PETITION FOR SUCCESSION
AND INHERITANCE
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster
[636]
”A triumphant Hugh Despenser the Younger, lately returned from exile and piracy, took the opportunity to hurl “malicious and contemptuous words” into Thomas’s face on his arrival.”
”Thomas was put on trial in the great hall of his own castle, the justice Robert Malberthorpe, Edward, the Despensers, the earls of Kent, Pembroke, Richmond, Surrey, Arundel and the Scottish earls of Angus and Atholl sitting in judgement on him.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THOMAS OF LANCASTER AND HIS RELATIONSHIP
WITH EDWARD II (3)
2 MAY 2010
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2010/05/thomas-of-lancast er-and-his.html
[637]
”The elder, sent to defend Bristol, surrendered it to Isabella on October 26 and, after summary trial, was hanged the next day.”
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
DESPENSER FAMILY
[638]
”Hugh Despenser the Elder, earl of Winchester, hanged, drawn and quartered at Bristol on 26 October 1326 at the orders of Roger Mortimer, Queen Isabella, Henry of Lancaster, and others. One of his crimes was complicity in the earl of Lancaster’s execution….”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
LOTS OF DEAD EARLS
30 JULY 2008
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2008/07/lots-of-dead-earl s.html
[639]
”By now desperate and increasingly deserted by their court, Edward and Hugh Despenser the younger attempted to sail to Lundy, a small island just off the Devon coast, but the weather was against them and after several days they were forced to land back in Wales”
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE/SEIZURE OF POWER, 1326
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France#Seizure_of_ power.2C_1326
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
ISABELLA OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Isabella_of_France
[640]
”He was sent in pursuit and captured the king at Neath in South Wales. He was appointed to take charge of the king and was responsible for his custody at Kenilworth Castle.”
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/REVENGE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster#R evenge
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
16 NOVEMBER 1326: CAPTURE OF EDWARD II
16 NOVEMBER 2012
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2012/11/16-november-1326- capture-of-edward-ii.html
[641]
”Henry, arguably the only person to emerge from the period 1327-30 with any credit, treated the fallen king with respect and honour.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II IN CUSTODY, 1327: PART ONE
10 NOVEMBER 2006
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2006/11/edward-ii- in-custody-1327-part-one.html
[642]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
ENTRAILS AND EMASCULATION
24 NOVEMBER 2006
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2006/11/entrails- and-emasculation.html
[643]
WIKIPEDIA
HUGH LE DESPENSER, 1ST EARL OF WINCHESTER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hugh_le_Despenser,_1st_Earl_of _Winchester
”- Hugh Despenser the Elder, earl of Winchester, hanged, drawn and quartered at Bristol on 26 October 1326 at the orders of Roger Mortimer, Queen Isabella, Henry of Lancaster, and others.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
LOTS OF DEAD EARLS
30 JULY 2008
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2008/07/lots-of-dead-earl s.html
[644]
WIKIPEDIA
DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Divine_right_of_kings
[645]
WIKIPEDIA
DE JURE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ De_jure
[646]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S FEUDS WITH BISHOPS IN THE 1320’S
14 FEBRUARY 2014
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2014/02/edward-iis-feuds- with-bishops-in-1320s.html
[647]
”There was no established procedure for removing an English king.[286] Adam Orleton, the Bishop of Hereford, made a series of public allegations about Edward’s conduct as king, and in January 1327 a parliament convened at Westminster at which the question of Edward’s future was raised; Edward refused to attend the gathering”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/ABDICATION
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Abdicatio n
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[648]
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/ABDICATION
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Abdicatio n
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[649]
”……..on 21 January, Sir William Trussell, representing the kingdom as a whole, withdrew his homage and formally ended Edward’s reign.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/ABDICATION
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Abdicatio n
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
”As Edward II slowly regained power from the Ordainers he rewarded the reviled Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester with land he confiscated from the barons, leading to their revolt. William Trussell was amongst them and on 12 March 1322 a warrant for his arrest was issued describing him as “the King’s enemy“.[3] Four days later both Trussell and his son fought on the rebels’ side at the Battle of Boroughbridge.”
…..
…..
”Trussell fled to France……”
…
”Trussell then joined up with Queen Isabella and Mortimer in Paris before moving to Flanders where he was allegedly tasked with helping to build an invasion army by William I, Count of Hainaut.[6] Trussell accompanied Isabella and Mortimer when they landed in England on 22 Sep 1326 at the start of their Invasion of England.’….
……
”Adam, Abbot of Glastonbury hid Dispenser and the Lord Chancellor, Robert Baldock in Glastonbury Abbey, and in December 1326 William Trussell was ordered to bring the Abbot before the next Parliament.[5] Both Hugh le Despenser, Earl of Winchester and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger were captured and Trussell oversaw the trial of Despenser the Elder where he was denounced and sentenced to death.”
…..
…..
”Trussell was appointed Speaker of the House of Commons and, acting as Procurator of the whole Parliament, renounced allegiance to Edward II on 21 Jan 1327. Edward III was crowned as king in his place on 2 Feb 1327 and Trussell went on to become the new king’s Secretary and undertake numerous important diplomatic missions, particularly to France and Spain.”
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSEL/CAREER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell#Career
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
WILLIAM TRUSSEL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ William_Trussell
[650]
”A proclamation was sent to London, announcing that Edward, now known just as Edward of Caernarvon, had freely resigned his kingdom and that Prince Edward would succeed him. The coronation took place at Westminster Abbey on 2 February 1327”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/ABDICATION
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Abdicatio n
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[651]
”Henry was appointed “chief advisor” for the new king Edward III of England,[2] and was also appointed captain-general of all the king’s forces in the Scottish Marches”
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER/FULL RESTORATION AND REWARD
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster#F ull_restoration_and_reward
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
HENRY, 3RD EARL OF LANCASTER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster
[652]
”Those opposed to the new government began to make plans to free Edward, and Roger Mortimer decided to move Edward to the more secure location of Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire, where the former King arrived around 5 April 1327.[295] Once at the castle, Edward was kept in the custody of Mortimer’s son-in-law, Thomas Berkeley, and John Maltravers, who were given £5 a day for Edward’s maintenance”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/DEATH AND AFTERMATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Death_and _aftermath
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II IN CUSTODY: PART ONE
10 NOVEMBER 2006
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2006/11/edward-ii-in-cust ody-1327-part-one.html
[653]
WIKIPEDIA
THOMAS DE BERKELEY, 3RD BARON BERKELEY
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Thomas_de_Berkeley,_3rd_Baron_ Berkeley
”The Lord of Berkeley was Thomas, who was born about 1293/97, and married Roger Mortimer’s eldest daughter Margaret in 1319. He and his father Maurice were imprisoned by Edward in early 1322, during Edward’s successful campaign against the earl of Lancaster and the Marcher lords, and Maurice died in prison at Wallingford Castle in 1326. Thomas, therefore, had every reason to detest the former king, and given that his father-in-law was now the main power in England, every reason to remain loyal to him.”
…..
…..
”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II IN CUSTODY: PART ONE
10 NOVEMBER 2006
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2006/11/edward-ii-in-cust ody-1327-part-one.html
[654]
”On 20 October 1318 Maltravers was chosen knight of the shire for Dorset. He seems to have sided with Thomas, Earl of Lancaster against the king Edward II, and was in his early life a close associate of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March. In September 1321 he received pardon for felonies committed in pursuit of the Despensers, but in the following December is described as the king’s enemy. In the spring of 1322 he was in arms against the king, and attacked and burnt the town of Bridgnorth. He was present at the battle of Boroughbridge on 16 March, and after the execution of Earl Thomas went overseas”
WIKIPEDIA
JOHN MALTRAVERS, 1ST BARON MALTRAVERS/EARLY LIFE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_Maltravers,_1st_Baron_Mal travers#Early_life
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
JOHN MALTRAVERS, 1ST BARON MALTRAVERS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_Maltravers,_1st_Baron_Mal travers
[655]
”It is unclear how well cared for Edward was; the records show luxury goods being bought on his behalf, but some chroniclers suggest that he was often mistreated.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/DEATH AND AFTERMATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Death_and _aftermath
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[656]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD OF CAERNARFON AND ROTTING ANIMAL CORPSES
11 JULY 2011
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2011/07/edward-of-caernar fon-and-rotting-animal.html
”The chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker, several decades later, gives the familiar story that Edward was mistreated at Berkeley, humiliated, half-starved, and incarcerated in a cell above animal carcasses, in the hope that the stench would kill him. However, it’s also possible that Edward was treated reasonably well. The records show that he received delicacies such as capons and wine, though it may be that his guards stole them. While it seems highly unlikely that he was treated as an honoured guest, the stories of his incarceration above rotting animal carcasses may be exaggerated.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II IN CUSTODY 1327: PART ONE
10 NOVEMBER 2006
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2006/11/edward-ii-in-cust ody-1327-part-one.html
[657]
”On 23 September Edward III was informed that his father had died at Berkeley Castle during the night of 21 September”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/DEATH AND AFTERMATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Death_ and_aftermath
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[658]
”All fourteenth-century chronicles which talk about the subject say that Edward II died at Berkeley in September 1327, with none claiming that he survived (the ample evidence for this comes from elsewhere). Some give the red-hot poker story as the cause of death, though the majority don’t; some say instead that Edward was suffocated or strangled; some say that he died of natural causes or a grief-induced illness; some say that he was murdered without specifying how; some merely say that he died with no further details at all. ”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II’S DEATH AND AFTERLIFE REVISITED (2)
18 APRIL 2013
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2013/04/edward- iis-death-and-afterlife.html
[659]
”Edward’s death was, as Mark Ormrod notes, “suspiciously timely”, as it simplified Mortimer’s political problems considerably, and most historians believe that Edward probably was murdered on the orders of the new regime, although it is impossible to be certain”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/DEATH AND AFTERMATH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Death_and _aftermath
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[660]
”Controversy rapidly surrounded Edward’s death.[331] With Mortimer’s execution in 1330, rumours began to circulate that Edward had been murdered at Berkeley Castle. Accounts that he had been killed by the insertion of a red-hot iron or poker into his anus slowly began to circulate, possibly as a result of deliberate propaganda; chroniclers in the mid-1330s and 1340s spread this account further, supported in later years by Geoffrey le Baker’s colourful account of the killing.[332] It became incorporated into most later histories of Edward, typically being linked to his possible homosexuality.[333] Most historians now dismiss this account of Edward’s death, querying the logic in Edward’s captors murdering him in such an easily detectable fashion.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/CONTROVERSIES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Controver sies
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[661]
”Controversy rapidly surrounded Edward’s death.[331] With Mortimer’s execution in 1330, rumours began to circulate that Edward had been murdered at Berkeley Castle. Accounts that he had been killed by the insertion of a red-hot iron or poker into his anus slowly began to circulate, possibly as a result of deliberate propaganda; chroniclers in the mid-1330s and 1340s spread this account further, supported in later years by Geoffrey le Baker’s colourful account of the killing.[332] It became incorporated into most later histories of Edward, typically being linked to his possible homosexuality.[333] Most historians now dismiss this account of Edward’s death, querying the logic in Edward’s captors murdering him in such an easily detectable fashion.”
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND/CONTROVERSIES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England#Controver sies
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
EDWARD II OF ENGLAND
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Edward_II_of_England
[662]
”The medieval kings of England I can think of who have been portrayed as not really the sons of their fathers in various novels are: Henry II (fathered by his mother Maud’s cousin and enemy King Stephen, not Geoffrey of Anjou); Richard I (fathered by a troubadour, not Henry II); Henry III (fathered by his mother Isabelle of Angoulême’s half-brother, not King John); Edward I (fathered by his uncle Simon de Montfort rather than Henry III); Edward II (Edward I thinks an invented character called William Wild, The Irish Irishman Who Is Irishly Irish, may be his son’s father, not himself); Edward III(fathered by William Wallace, Roger Mortimer, Robert Holland, Edward I or pretty well any other man alive or dead in England, Scotland or Ireland at the time rather than Edward II); Henry VI’s son Edward of Lancaster, prince of Wales (fathered by the duke of Somerset or sundry others, at least one of them also dead at the time, rather than Henry); Edward IV (fathered by the archer Blaybourne rather than the duke of York). ”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
FICTIONALLY ADULTEROUS QUEENS, ESPECIALLY
ELEANOR OF PROVENCE, AND MALIGNING PIERS
8 JULY 2012
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2012/07/fictionally- adulterous-queens.html
[663]
”Various legends circulated about this royal child. First, it was claimed that his uncle Philip the Tall had him poisoned. Then a strange story a few decades later came to start the rumor that the little King John was not dead. During the captivity of John the Good (1356-1360), a man named Giannino Baglioni claimed to be John I and thus the heir to the throne. He tried to assert his rights, but was captured in Provence and died in captivity in 1363”
WIKIPEDIA
JOHN I OF FRANCE/SUPPOSED SURVIVAL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_I_of_France#Supposed_ survival
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
JOHN I OF FRANCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_I_of_France
”By claiming to be Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York, Warbeck was a significant threat to the newly established Tudor dynasty, and gained support outside England. Henry VII of England declared Warbeck an impostor, and after his capture, Warbeck wrote a confession in which he said he was a Fleming born in Tournai around 1474. Due to uncertainty as to whether Richard of Shrewsbury had died in the Tower of London or had survived, Warbeck’s claim gathered some followers, either due to real belief in his identity or because of desire to overthrow Henry and reclaim the throne.”
WIKIPEDIA
PERKIN WARBECK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Perkin_Warbeck
SEE ALSO THE PRINCE, PARBECK CLAIMED TO BE:
RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK, SON OF KING EDWARD IV,
WHO [WITH HIS BROTHER] WERE SUPPOSEDLY MURDERED
IN THE TOWER, EITHER BY THEIR UNCLE [THEIR FATHER’S
YOUNGEST BROTHER] RICHARD III, OR BY OTHERS
WIKIPEDIA
RICHARD OF SHREWSBURY, DUKE OF YORK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Richard_of_Shrewsbury,_Duke_ of_York
WIKIPEDIA
PRINCES IN THE TOWER
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Princes_in_the_Tower
[664]
HISTORY EXTRA
THE BIG DEBATE: WAS EDWARD II REALLY MURDERED?
25 APRIL 2016
http://www.historyextra.com/ar ticle/premium/big-debate-was-e dward-ii-really-murdered
A NOTE ON THE DEATHS OF EDWARD II
IAN MORTIMER
http://www.ianmortimer.com/Edw ardII/death.htm
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THE FIESCHI LETTER, EDWARD II’S MOVEMENTS IN 1326, AND
MANUELE FIESCHI
10 DECEMBER 2015
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2015/12/the-fieschi-lette r-edward-iis-movements.html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT]
ODDITIES IN THE NARRATIVES OF EDWARD II’S DEATH
10 OCTOBER 2007
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2007/10/oddities-in-narra tive-of-edward-iis.html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THE EARL OF KENT’S PLOT OF 1329/30
REVISITED
2 MAY 2014
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2014/05/the-earl-of-kents -plot-of-132930.html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
19 MARCH 1330: THE EXECUTION OF THE EARL OF KENT
19 MARCH 2014
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2014/03/19-march-1330-exe cution-of-earl-of-kent.html
[665]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
NAKED EDWARD SAVES ISABELLA: ”LOVE MADE HIM
DO IT”
12 JANUARY 2016
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2016/01/naked-edward-ii- saves-isabella-love.html
”The author of the Flores Historiarum, whom I always think of as Not Edward II’s Greatest Fan, claims that Edward armed himself against his cousin and that his fear of Thomas was the reason for his cancellation of the Scottish campaign that was meant to take place that summer. [1] Whether that’s true or not, Edward was concerned enough about Thomas’s hostility to summon Isabella to him in York after John of Eltham’s birth, fearing for her safety.”
EDWARDTHSECONDBLOGSPOT
THOMAS OF LANCASTER AND HIS RELATIONSHIP
WITH EDWARD II (2)
25 APRIL 2010
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2010/04/thomas-of- lancaster-and-his_25.html
EDWARD II’S ESTEEM FOR ISABELLA
”Lord Badlesmere was away at the time, having left his wife Margaret in charge of the castle. When the latter adamantly refused the Queen admittance, fighting broke out outside the castle between Isabella’s guards and the garrison.[10]Edward mobilised his own faction and placed Leeds castle under siege, giving Isabella the Great Seal and control of the royal Chancery”
WIKIPEDIA
DESPENSER WAR/SECOND PHASE: OCTOBER 1321-MARCH 1322
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Despenser_War#Second_phase:_Oc tober_1321-March_1322
ORIGINAL SOURCE
WIKIPEDIA
DESPENSER WAR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Despenser_War
[666]
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD GOES FISHING
1 JULY 2017
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2017/07/edward-ii- goes-fishing.html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II DIGS DITCHES
12 MARCH 2016
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2016/03/edward-ii- digs-ditches.html
”Edward was criticised by various fourteenth-century chroniclers for enjoying the company of the lowborn, which is borne out by other evidence: he went on holiday for an entire month in the autumn of 1315 with “a great concourse of common people”; he drank in Newcastle with an unnamed but evidently lowborn woman in 1310; he dined privately in 1325 with a group of carpenters, and a group of sailors on another occasion; he went to a forge to talk to his blacksmith John Cole in 1323; he spent what seems like excessive amounts of time in the 1320s chatting to fishermen and often bought fish from them “with his own hands.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD II AND ENGLISH
22 AUGUST 2010
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2010/08/edward-ii- and-english.html
”Edward’s most famous aquatic activity came in the autumn of 1315, when he spent an entire month on holiday at Fen Ditton near Cambridge, with the company he liked best, “a great concourse of simple people”.”
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
EDWARD’S ECCENTRIC AQUATIC ACTIVITIES
8 FEBRUARY 2008
http://edwardthesecond. blogspot.nl/2008/02/edwards- eccentric-aquatic-activities. html
EDWARDTHESECONDBLOGSPOT
THE KING’S GENEROSITY
6 AUGUST 2008
http://edwardthesecond.blogspo t.nl/2008/08/kings-generosity. html